Aleksandr solzhenitsyn books download

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The Gulag Archipelago by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. Andersonville by MacKinlay Kantor. Gift from the Sea by Anne Morrow Lindbergh. Gustav Klimt: by Gilles Neret. The book has been awarded with , and many others.

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If you see a Google Drive link instead of source url, means that the file witch you will get after approval is just a summary of original book or the file has been already removed. Through his writings, he made the world aware of the Gulag, the Soviet labour camp system, and for these efforts, Solzhenitsyn was both awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in and exiled from the Soviet Union in He returned to Russia in He was the father of Ignat Solzhenitsyn, a well-known conductor and pianist.

He died at home after years of declining health on August 3, While there she met Isaakiy Solzhenitsyn, a young army officer, also from the Caucasus region the family background of his parents is vividly brought alive in the opening chapters of August , and later on in the Red Wheel novel cycle. In , Taisia became pregnant with Aleksandr. Soon after this was confirmed, Isaakiy was killed in a hunting accident.

Aleksandr, who had three brothers and a sister, [4] was raised by his mother and aunt in lowly circumstances; his earliest years coincided with the Russian Civil War and by the family property had been turned into a collective farm. Solzhenitsyn stated his mother was fighting for survival and they had to keep his father's background in the old Imperial Army a secret. His educated mother who never remarried encouraged his literary and scientific leanings, also raising him in the Russian Orthodox faith; [5] she died shortly before Solzhenitsyn studied mathematics at Rostov State University, while at the same time taking correspondence courses from the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature, and History at this time heavily ideological in scope; as he himself makes clear, he did not question the state ideology or the superiority of the Soviet Union before he had spent some time in the camps.

During World War II, he served as the commander of an artillery unit in the Red Army, was involved in major action at the front, and was twice decorated. In February , while serving in East Prussia, he was arrested for writing a derogatory comment in a letter to a friend, N. Utkevich, about the conduct of the war by Joseph Stalin, whom he called "the whiskered one", [10] "Khozyain" The Master and "Balabos", Odessa Yiddish for "boss".

On 7 July , he was sentenced in his absence by a three-man tribunal of the Soviet security police NKGB to an eight-year term in a labour camp, to be followed by permanent internal exile.

This was the normal sentence for most crimes under Article 58 at the time. The first part of Solzhenitsyn's sentence was served in several different work camps; the "middle phase," as he later referred to it, was spent in a sharashka , special scientific research facilities run by Ministry of State Security, where he met Lev Kopelev, paragon of Lev Rubin in his book The First Circle , published in the West in In , he was sent to a "Special Camp" for political prisoners.

During his imprisonment at the camp in the town of Ekibastuz in Kazakhstan, he worked as a miner, bricklayer, and foundryman. While there he had a tumor removed, although his cancer was not then diagnosed. From March , Solzhenitsyn began a sentence of internal exile for life at Kok-Terek in southern Kazakhstan.

His undiagnosed cancer spread, until, by the end of the year, he was close to death. However, in , he was permitted to be treated in a hospital in Tashkent, where he was cured. These experiences became the basis of his novel Cancer Ward and also found an echo in the short story "The right hand".

It was during this decade of imprisonment and exile that Solzhenitsyn abandoned Marxism and developed the philosophical and religious positions of his later life; this turn has some interesting parallels to Dostoevsky's time in Siberia and his quest for faith a hundred years earlier.

Solzhenitsyn gradually turned into a philosophically-minded man in prison. He repented for what he did as a Red Army captain and in prison compared himself with the perpetrators of the Gulag "I remember myself in my captain's shoulder boards and the forward march of my battery through East Prussia, enshrouded in fire, and I say: 'So were we any better?

During his years of exile, and following his reprieve and return to European Russia, Solzhenitsyn was, while teaching at a secondary school during the day, spending his nights secretly engaged in writing. In his Nobel Prize acceptance speech he wrote, "during all the years until , not only was I convinced I should never see a single line of mine in print in my lifetime, but, also, I scarcely dared allow any of my close acquaintances to read anything I had written because I feared this would become known.

Finally, when he was 42 years old, he approached Alexander Tvardovsky, a poet and the chief editor of the Noviy Mir magazine, with the manuscript of One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. It was published in edited form in , with the explicit approval of Nikita Khrushchev. This would be the only book-length work of Solzhenitsyn's to be published in the Soviet Union until It caused as much a sensation in the Soviet Union as it did the West—not only by its striking realism and candour, but also because it was the first major piece of Soviet literature since the twenties on a politically charged theme, written by a non-party member, even by a man who had been to Siberia for "libelous speech" about the leaders, and still it had not been censored.

In this sense, the publication of Solzhenitsyn's story was an almost unheard of instance of free, unrestrained discussion of politics through literature. Most Soviet readers realized this, but after Khrushchev had been ousted from power in , the time for such raw exposing works came quietly, but perceptibly, to a close. Solzhenitsyn did not give in but tried, with the help of Tvardovsky, to get his novel, The Cancer Ward , legally published in the Soviet Union.

This had to get the approval of the Union of Writers, and though some there appreciated it, the work ultimately was denied publication unless it were to be revised and cleaned of suspect statements and anti-Soviet insinuations this episode is recounted and documented in The Oak and the Calf.

The publishing of his work quickly stopped; as a writer, he became a non-person, and, by , the KGB had seized some of his papers, including the manuscript of The First Circle. Meanwhile Solzhenitsyn continued to secretly and feverishly work upon the most subversive of all his writings, the monumental Gulag Archipelago. The seizing of his novel manuscript first made him desperate and frightened, but gradually he realized it had set him free from the pretences and trappings of being an "officially acclaimed" writer, something which had come close to second nature, but which was getting increasingly irrelevant the circumstances of how he actually survived in this period, without any income from his books, are obscure; he had quit his teaching post when he broke through as a writer.

In , Solzhenitsyn was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. He could not receive the prize personally in Stockholm at that time, since he was afraid he would not be let back into the Soviet Union. Instead, it was suggested he should receive the prize in a special ceremony at the Swedish embassy in Moscow. The Swedish government refused to accept this solution, since such a ceremony and the ensuing media coverage might upset the Soviet Union and damage Sweden's relations to the superpower.

Instead, Solzhenitsyn received his prize at the ceremony after he had been deported from the Soviet Union. The Gulag Archipelago was a three-volume work on the Soviet prison camp system. It was based upon Solzhenitsyn's own experience as well as the testimony of former prisoners and Solzhenitsyn's own research into the history of the penal system. It discussed the system's origins from the very founding of the Communist regime, with Lenin himself having responsibility, detailing interrogation procedures, prisoner transports, prison camp culture, prisoner uprisings and revolts, and the practice of internal exile.

The appearance of the book in the West put the word gulag into the Western political vocabulary and guaranteed swift retribution from the Soviet authorities. During this period, he was sheltered by the cellist Mstislav Rostropovich, who suffered considerably for his support of Solzhenitsyn and was eventually forced into exile himself.

Less than a week later, the Soviets carried out reprisals against Yevgeny Yevtushenko for his support of Solzhenitsyn. After a time in Switzerland, Solzhenitsyn was invited to Stanford University in the United States to "facilitate your work, and to accommodate you and your family. Solzhenitsyn moved to Cavendish, Vermont in He was given an honorary Literary Degree from Harvard University in and on Thursday, June 8, he gave his Commencement Address condemning modern western culture.

Over the next 17 years, Solzhenitsyn worked hard on his historical cycle of the Russian Revolution of , The Red Wheel , four "knots" parts of which had been completed by , and outside of this, several shorter works. Despite an enthusiastic welcome on his first arrival in America, followed by respect for his privacy, he had never been comfortable outside his homeland.

He did not become fluent in spoken English despite spending two decades in the United States; he had, however, been reading English language literature since his teens, something his mother encouraged him to do. More important, he resented the idea of becoming a media star and of tempering his ideas or ways of talking to fit television.

Solzhenitsyn's warnings about the dangers of Communist aggression and the weakening of the moral fiber of the West were generally well received in conservative circles in the West, and fit very well with the toughening up of foreign policy under U.

President Ronald Reagan.